effects of biopriming on the germination traits, physiological characteristics, aantioxidant enzymes and control of rhizoctonia solani of a bean cultivar (phaseolus vulgaris l.)‎

the effects of bio-priming with different isolates of biological agent of trichoderma spp. and pseudomonas fluorescens on morphological and physiological characteristics of a bean cultivar (yaas) as well as their effects on controlling of rhizoctonia solani were investigated in two separate experiments. in the first experiment, different isolates of trichoderma including trichoderma harzianum bp4, trichoderma virensas10-5, trichoderma atroviride cs2-1 as well as one bacteria isolate of pseudomonas fluorescens (utpf5) were applied on bean seeds primed with zinc sulphate and salicylic acid. in this experiment using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications, several characteristics like root, shoot and seedling length and dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll content, ‎percentage of nitrogen and iron content, and antioxidant enzymes were measured. in the second experiment, the effects of aforementioned seed treatments on controlling of pathogen was considered. seeds primed with zinc sulphate which treated with trichoderma harzianum bp4 had superior growth characteristics like seedling dry weight and nitrogen percentage. the highest iron content (‏256.6 mg/kg (‏detected in seeds which primed with zinc sulphate and treated with utpf5 bacteria isolate. the seedlings of primed seeds with salicylic acid and treated with utpf5 had the maximum activity of ascorbat peroxidase (17.4 u.mg-1proteins‏ ). this seed treatment also had the best control effect (77.33%) on rhizoctonia solani.